What is RS-232, RS-422, and RS-485 ?
RS-232, RS-422, and RS-485 are all serial communication standards used for transmitting data between devices, but they differ in terms of distance, speed, and number of connections they support.
RS-232:
It's the oldest and most common standard, used for short-distance communication (up to 15 meters). It's typically found in older computer systems, printers, and modems. RS-232 uses single-ended signaling, meaning it only requires one signal wire and a ground wire.
RS-422:
This standard supports longer distances (up to 1,200 meters) and higher data rates than RS-232. It uses differential signaling, meaning it requires two signal wires for each data line, plus a ground wire. RS-422 is commonly used in industrial applications and long-distance communication.
RS-485:
Similar to RS-422, RS-485 also uses differential signaling, allowing for greater noise immunity and longer distances (up to 1,200 meters). It's often used in industrial automation, building automation, and other applications where multiple devices need to communicate over a single network. RS-485 supports multiple devices connected on the same bus, whereas RS-422 typically supports point-to-point or point-to-multipoint connections.
Summary:
RS-232 is suitable for short distances, RS-422 and RS-485 are better for longer distances and more robust communication in industrial settings, with RS-485 offering multi-point capabilities.